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   Sensors, Altitude

An altimeter is an active instrument used to measure the altitude of an object above a fixed level. The traditional altimeter found in most aircraft works by measuring the air pressure from a static port. Air pressure decreases with an increase of altitude Ñ about one millibar (0.03 inches of mercury) per 27 feet (8.23 m) close to sea level. The altimeter is calibrated to show the pressure directly as altitudes, in accordance with a mathematical model defined by the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA).



Bronze Partners
All Sensors Corp.
AMETEK Aerospace
Association of Controls & Instrumentation India
Atmos Engineering Inc
Brozelco Inc.
China Star MCO Ltd.
Computer Instruments Corp.
Corrsys-Datron Sensorsystems Inc.
DASYTEC USA
Dewetron Inc.
Dianachart Inc
Eaton Aerospace
Endevco Corp.
Erlich Industrial Development
Garwood Laboratories Inc
GE Infrastructure Sensing
GlobalSpec.com
GP:50
Hi-Tech Inc
Hydra-Electric Co.
Instrumented Sensor Technology Inc.
Intersema Sensoric SA
Kearflex Engineering Co. Inc.
Kulite Semiconductor Products Inc.
Mearsurement Devices Ltd
Nanotron Inc.
National Technology Transfer Center
O-Navi LLC
Pace Scientific Inc.
Pierson and Associates Ltd.
Precision Measurement Products Inc.
Pressure Controls, Inc.
Ruska Instrument Corp.
SensoNor
Servoflo Corp.
Shenzhen CSE Industries Co.
Telatemp Corp.
Temperature Measurement Systems
TRAK-R Loggers
Wenglor Sensoric Gmbh
West Coast Research Corp.
XEMICS
Fix & Prog. Sinewave Oscillators - Frequency Devices

 

Books
Pressure Sensors (Mechanical Engineering (Marcell Dekker))
Tandeske

Excerpt - page 12: "... air density. On cars that use a fuel-injection system, an altitude sensor will be required. The automotive market is very large (millions ..."
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Observation of the Earth and Its Environment: Survey of Missions and Sensors
Herbert J. Kramer

Excerpt - page 35: "... Width (km) Frequency GHz (Band) Polariza- tion Data Rate (kb/s) Altitude, Inclination (kmf) Sensor, Remarks Skylab 14.5.73 16 180 13.9 (Ku) 5.33 435,50193 ..."
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Variability of reflectance measurements with sensor altitude and canopy type (LARS / Purdue University. Laboratory for Applications of Remote Sensing) (LARS / Purdue University. Laboratory for Applications of Remote Sensing)
C. S. T Daughtry

Infrared Technology: Applications to Electro-Optics, Photonic Devices and Sensors
A. R. Jha

Excerpt - page 44: "... distribution, and atmospheric layer height from the earth's surface. IR sensors operating below 10 miles or ... IR sensors operating at an altitude of 100 km will experience minimum performance degradation because of ..."
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Earth Gravity Field from Space - from Sensors to Earth Sciences (Space Sciences Series of ISSI)
G. Beutler, M.R. Drinkwater, R. Rummel, and Rudolf von Steiger

Excerpt - page 406: "... induced by stronger thrusters (needed how- ever by the low altitude drag) and sustainable by the sensors. The MICROSCOPE satellite is also a 150 kg micro-satellite and ..."
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Making color infrared film a more effective high altitude sensor, (United States. Geological Survey. Interagency report NASA-117) (United States. Geological Survey. Interagency report NASA-117)
Robert W Pease

Concept evaluation of a low altitude wind sensor (NAFEC technical letter report) (NAFEC technical letter report)
Ernest E Schlatter

High Altitude Airships for the Future Force Army
Lewis Jamison

Excerpt - page 20: "... Future Force Army The U.S. Army is developing a radar sensor for high-altitude battlefield surveillance that advocates say could augment existing satellite and ..."
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Distributed Sensor Networks: A Multiagent Perspective (Multiagent Systems, Artificial Societies, and Simulated Organizations)
Victor Lesser, Charles L. Ortiz Jr., and Milind Tambe

Excerpt - page 34: "... unknown number of targets within a given two-dimensional space (the altitude dimension is removed from the ANTs challenge problem). The sensors are key in this setting since their measurements are the ..."
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Aerospace Sensor Systems and Applications
Shmuel Merhav

Excerpt - page 5: "... measurement device or instrument, is often referred to as a sensor. These terms are essentially synonyms, ... is part of an automatic altitude-hold system, it will be referred to as a sensor. In ..."
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Semiconductor Sensors
Simon M. Sze

Excerpt - page 7: "... Ambient Conditions Allowed. Ambient conditions may have profound effects on sensor operation. These include temperature, acceleration, vibration, shock, ambient pressure (e.g., high altitudes), moisture, corrosive materials, and electromagnetic field. The allowed ambient conditions ..."
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Sensor Based Intelligent Robots: International Workshop, Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, October 15-20, 2000. Selected Revised Papers (Lecture Notes in Computer Science)
Gregory D. Hager, Henrik I. Christensen, Horst Bunke, and Rolf Klein

Excerpt - page 224: "... as an inclinometer and a compass as well. - Wind sensor: a wind sensor built for Project AURORA by the IDMEC/IST [3] measures the relative airship air speed in all three axes as well as the barometric altitude. The current control and navigation system uses the data from ..."
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High Altitude Long Endurance (HALE) Platforms for Tactical Wireless Communications and Sensor Use in Military Operations
Charles R. Ferguson and Douglas A. Harbold

Health Monitoring of Aerospace Structures: Smart Sensor Technologies and Signal Processing
Wieslaw Staszewski, C. Boller, and G. R. Tomlinson

Innovative Management in the DARPA High Altitude Endurance Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Program: Phase 11 Experience
Jeffrey A. Drezner

A remote sensing and GIS investigation of the Williamsburg area using high altitude aerial photography and a multiple band digital sensor: Quarterly report
Sam Patterson

Distributed Sensor Networks (Chapman & Hall/Crc Computer and Information Science)
R.R. Brooks and S. Sitharama Iyengar

Alarm Sensor and Security
Thomas Petruzzellis

Excerpt - page 36: "... 6-V SPST relay ELTEC 406 pyroelectric sensor Pressure sensor Pressure sensors can be used to measure a variety of physical parameters , including wind speed, liquid velocity, barometric pressure , altitude, and the speed of rotational objects such as bicycles and ..."
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A remote sensing and GIS investigation of the Williamsburg area using high altitude aerial photography and the AVIRIS multiple band digital sensor: Final ... grant number NA 90-AA-H-CZ796 Task 5.1
Sam Patterson

Infrared Technology Fundamentals (Optical Engineering)
Monroe Schlessinger and Irving J. Spiro

Excerpt - page 285: "... We provide the required methodology and information for implementing a sensor concept using visible light CCDs. ... and tracking algorithms , sensor altitude, and others. We will start the trade-off process by making ..."
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Wingless Flight: The Lifting Body Story
R. Dale Reed and Darlene Lister

Excerpt - page 187: "... satellites would provide navigation to the landing site. At an altitude of about 1,000 feet, the ... radar, or laser altitude ground sensor, the computer would then command both winches to reel in ..."
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Introduction to Remote Sensing, Third Edition
James B. Campbell

Excerpt - page 16: "... record spatial detail is influenced primarily by the choice of sensor and the altitude at which it is used to record images of the ..."
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Environmental Hydrology, Second Edition
Andy D. Ward and Stanley W. Trimble

Excerpt - page 382: "... of a feature imaged or measured at a distance or altitude above the surface or earth R by the sensor is E(on surface) a Lar sensor = (cos0) ~ (13.6) ..."
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Turbochargers HP49 (HP Books): Turbo Design, Sizing & Matching, Spark-Ignition & Diesel Engine Applications, Water Injection, Controls, Carburetion, Intercooling, ... Street & Race Cars, Boats, Motorcycles
Keystone Automotive - Drop Ship

Excerpt - page 103: "... able to deliver sea-level naturally aspirated power at 40,000 feet. Altitude requirements dictate the amount of ... should be used. An aneroid sensor is altitude-correcting, so it will prevent overboosting at lower altitudes. ..."
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EW 102: A Second Course in Electronic Warfare
David Adamy

Excerpt - page 87: "... shown in Figure 4.15. Finally, let's assume that the IR sensor has a 0.25-mrad aperture and ... resolution from its sensor. The altitude required is: ..."
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Remote Sensing: The Image Chain Approach (Oxford Series in Optical and Imaging Sciences)
John R. Schott

Excerpt - page 105: "... path length, so we can write the transmission to the sensor as: ,r2(A)_e '5'(A )sec d (4.39) where S' is the optical depth along the vertical path to the sensor altitude. Note that for a sensor in space S= S'. When ..."
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The Generals' War : The Inside Story of the Conflict in the Gulf
Michael R. Gordon and General Bernard E. Trainor

Excerpt - Back Matter: "... versa 48 per cent). Target assessed using overhead and medium altitude sensors." 26. Arnold memo. The criticism was also reflected in the ..."
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Overall Equipment Effectiveness
Robert C. Hansen

Excerpt - Back Matter: "... Static <0.100 Printer, High Speed, Seal, V-ring <251.400 Electrostatic 506.000 Sensor, Altitude 3.39 * Sensor, Hail <0.590 Synchro, Resolver 9.707 Sensor, Light ..."
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Choosing Your Homebuilt : The One You'll Finish and Fly
Kenneth D. Armstrong

Excerpt - page 105: "... These come from the crank angle, cam angle, and knock sensor, throttle position sensor, mass air ... internal barometric pressure sensor for altitude compensation. The Exhaust system The exhaust system is dependent on ..."
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Behavior-Based Robotics (Intelligent Robotics and Autonomous Agents)
Ronald C. Arkin

Excerpt - page 251: "... 1994 International Aerial Robotics Competition. This vehicle integrated three sonar sensors for altitude measurements, a compass for heading control, three gyroscopes for controlling ..."
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Bosch Fuel Injection and Engine Management (Bosch)
Charles O. Probst

Excerpt - page 69: "... variations. It also adapts to the thinner air at higher altitudes, reducing the need for an altitude sensor. The adapted values are stored in the control unit's volatile ..."
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Time to Hunt
Stephen Hunter

Excerpt - page 486: "... finished with the parachute; it seemed okay, with the preset altitude-sensitive deployment device. That was the tricky part. The altitude sensor read altitude from a predetermined height above sea level so ..."
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Black Box: Why Air Safety Is No Accident
Nicholas Faith

Excerpt - page 21: "... and even then the first instruments used recorded only the altitude, airspeed and heading and vertical ... their own pressure and altitude sensors for altitude and airspeed. By today's standards, they were what ..."
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Taming HAL: Designing Interfaces Beyond 2001
Asaf Degani

Excerpt - page 202: "... information (the most economical climb profile), with information from onboard sensors (altitude, speed, distances to waypoints, and so on) to compute an ..."
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Satellite Geodesy
Gunter Seeber

Excerpt - page 452: "... is called the footprint. The footprint size depends on the sensor altitude, a, above the sea, the signal propagation velocity, c, and ..."
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The NexStar User's Guide
Michael Swanson

Excerpt - page 94: "... manually enter the date, time, and location. Compass and Level (Altitude Sensor) Utilities (NexStar 8/11 GPS, NexStar 5i/8i with optional GPS module) ..."
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Electronic Filters, Amplifiers & Oscillators - Frequency Devices
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